{"id":782,"date":"2012-12-03T12:48:08","date_gmt":"2012-12-03T12:48:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.avolutionsoftware.com\/?p=782"},"modified":"2024-05-20T02:53:56","modified_gmt":"2024-05-20T01:53:56","slug":"soa-and-the-michelin-man","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.avolutionsoftware.com\/news\/soa-and-the-michelin-man\/","title":{"rendered":"SOA and The Michelin Man"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><span class=\"feat_text\">Don\u2019t be fooled by the Michelin Man (take care adding a \u2018services\u2019 layer to your model)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"feat_text\">We all use the results of service-oriented architecture (SOA) daily. When you check the weather online to see if you need a coat, when you access your bank records to make sure you\u2019ve got the cash to pay the plumber, or when you use the company CRM to look up a contact.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>When SOA is done well we don&#8217;t notice it but when it is done badly, we all know about it.<\/p>\n<p>Ensuring that these business-critical processes are designed well and run smoothly is the job of the enterprise architecture team. Most standard enterprise architecture frameworks including TOGAF and ArchiMate contain some concept of &#8216;services&#8217; \u2013 they\u2019re an incredibly useful way of labeling things.<\/p>\n<p>However, beware! Problems can arise when a meta-model design removes the direct interfaces between applications or the links between the original &#8216;layers&#8217; in favour of inserting an abstract \u2018services\u2019 layer in between. This is a very common pitfall of meta-model design (e.g. TOGAF with its Business Service), and here we explain why it should be avoided at all costs.<\/p>\n<h6><strong>How to design a meta-model with services<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p>When the architecture team sets out to design a meta-model for SOA, they often have to decide whether to add &#8216;services&#8217; elements between the more tangible elements in the meta-model such as departments, processes, applications and servers.<\/p>\n<p>A \u2018services\u2019 concept is useful in decoupling these tangible elements or layers and allowing the model to illustrate what these more tangible elements are doing. For example the EA team can group all the CRM applications into a single CRM &#8216;application service&#8217;. This can help them to provide a portfolio analysis of this whole CRM &#8216;group&#8217;.<\/p>\n<p>Services also allow architects to label tangible elements of their model without specifying their exact physical details. For instance, the services layer can make it clear that an application requires an IBM WebSphere Application Server &#8216;platform service&#8217; or an EMC Symmetrix storage &#8216;infrastructure service&#8217;, not just that it runs on server XYZ1234.<\/p>\n<h6><strong>An essential meta-model with services<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p>By way of example, let\u2019s start with a basic meta-model that includes initially just aspects of People, Process and Technology as shown in the diagram below:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-785 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.avolutionsoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/michelin-man-diagram.png\" alt=\"People, Process and Technology diagram\" width=\"280\" height=\"353\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.avolutionsoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/michelin-man-diagram.png 280w, https:\/\/www.avolutionsoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/michelin-man-diagram-238x300.png 238w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 280px) 100vw, 280px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>In the ABACUS suite of enterprise architecture tools, we call this a \u2018Phase 0\u2019 meta-model.\u00a0 When you have a toolset such as ABACUS that can grow as you grow it&#8217;s a fantastic place to start!<\/p>\n<p>It represents the core of any enterprise architecture, and includes the following types;\u00a0<strong>Departments<\/strong>\u00a0that\u00a0<em>perform roles<\/em>\u00a0for\u00a0<strong>Processes<\/strong>\u00a0(which can be hierarchically\u00a0<em>decomposed<\/em>), that in turn\u00a0<em>use<\/em>\u00a0<strong>Applications<\/strong>\u00a0that are\u00a0<em>hosted on<\/em>\u00a0<strong>Servers<\/strong>.\u00a0 And additionally,\u00a0<strong>Departments<\/strong>\u00a0<em>own <\/em><strong>Applications<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Next, we add several service types &#8216;between&#8217; each of these layers. In our example, we\u2019ve added\u00a0<strong>Capability<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>Information System Service<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0<strong>Infrastructure Service<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-784 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.avolutionsoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/michelin-man-diagram-2.png\" alt=\"Capability,\u00a0Information System Service\u00a0and\u00a0Infrastructure Service diagram\" width=\"549\" height=\"350\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.avolutionsoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/michelin-man-diagram-2.png 549w, https:\/\/www.avolutionsoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/michelin-man-diagram-2-300x191.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 549px) 100vw, 549px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>DONE?<\/em> Almost. The temptation to remove those \u2018direct\u2019 connections between or within the layers can undo some very effective enterprise modeling\u2026<\/p>\n<h6><strong>Watch out for the Michelin Man<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p>When a meta-model designer removes the direct links between the original layers in favour of the \u2018services\u2019 layer some of the original structure of the architecture and the meaning of the model is lost.<\/p>\n<p>For example, removing the\u00a0<em>Hosted On<\/em>\u00a0connections between Applications and Servers leaving just the\u00a0<strong>Infrastructure Service<\/strong>\u00a0components (and connections to them) means that unless an Infrastructure Service component is created for each and every one of the\u00a0<em>Hosted On <\/em>connections you end up with a single funnel through which everything is connected.<\/p>\n<p>Going back to our CRM example: we knew that the \u2018CRM\u2019 application ran on server \u2018XYZ1234\u2019, and now we also might know that the CRM application requires an \u2018IBM Websphere Application Server\u2019 platform service, but if we removed that original\u00a0<em>Hosted On<\/em>\u00a0connection we would no longer know which\u00a0<strong>actual<\/strong>\u00a0server it ran on, presumably to get that service!<\/p>\n<p>Don\u2019t be swayed by the argument that nobody cares which actual server it runs on. We assure you, someone does \u2026 especially when operations decides to switch the server off and the IT phone lines are overwhelmed by frustrated sales people unable to look up phone numbers of potential clients.<\/p>\n<p>Resist the temptation to simplify your model by removing those direct links. You can easily lose the original structure of the architecture and create what we call a \u2018Michelin Man\u2019 model.\u00a0 By \u2018pinching\u2019 two rich layers through an abstraction (creating a model that \u2018bulges\u2019 above and below into puffy \u2018Michelin Man\u2019 folds) you no longer have any idea of what actual tangible elements are actually connected!<\/p>\n<h6><strong>Best practice enterprise architecture<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p>Finally, a little more about us. Our ABACUS<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>software is designed by architects for architects and enables modeling, analysis and visualization of enterprises.<\/p>\n<p>ABACUS provides straightforward data-collection, in-house configurability, best practice analytics and impressive visualizations. Our aim is to help you manage multi-faceted datasets and complex IT landscapes well, and communicate your insights effectively.<\/p>\n<p>We support hundreds of frameworks and also enable hybrid-configurations (our team are experts in all industries and can quickly build a repository which is exactly right for your business, first time).<\/p>\n<p>We\u2019re available to answer any questions, provide a demonstration, or give some insights into how we have used ABACUS successfully in deployments in your industry \u2013 please <a href=\"https:\/\/www.avolutionsoftware.com\/about\/contact\/\">contact us<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Don\u2019t be fooled by the Michelin Man (take care adding a \u2018services\u2019 layer to your model) We all use the results of service-oriented architecture (SOA) daily. When you check the weather online to see if you need a coat, when you access your bank records to make sure you\u2019ve got the cash to pay the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,1],"tags":[50,12,14,27,190,8,187,191,189,188],"class_list":["post-782","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-industry-news","category-general","tag-abacus-enterprise-architecture","tag-avolution","tag-avolution-abacus","tag-bimodal-enterprise-architecture","tag-crm","tag-enterprise-architecture","tag-meta-model","tag-michelin-man","tag-service-oriented-architecture","tag-soa"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>SOA and The Michelin Man | Avolution<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Don\u2019t be fooled by the Michelin Man! 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